UK A-Levels Politics Practice Exam

Which of the following is a characteristic of "new right" conservative policies?

1. Progressive taxation

2. Harsher punishments

3. Universal healthcare

4. Reduced military funding

The correct answer is: Harsher punishments

The characteristic of harsher punishments aligns with the "new right" conservative policies that emerged prominently in the late 20th century, particularly under leaders like Margaret Thatcher in the UK and Ronald Reagan in the US. The "new right" emphasizes law and order, believing that strict penalties deter crime and maintain societal stability. This approach often advocates for a punitive justice system as part of a broader philosophy that prioritizes personal responsibility and a strong state authority to enforce laws. In contrast, progressive taxation typically represents redistributive economic policies aimed at reducing inequality, which is not a focus of "new right" ideology, as it leans more toward tax cuts and free-market principles. Universal healthcare is associated with social welfare and state intervention, which does not align with the "new right" emphasis on privatization and limited government. Reduced military funding contradicts the "new right's" advocacy for a robust national defense and militaristic policies, reinforcing its focus on strong military capabilities.