UK A-Levels Politics Practice Exam

What defines a two and a half party system?

1. Two large parties and several minor parties

2. Two major parties and a smaller party that can act as a kingmaker

3. Three parties constantly competing for leadership

4. A single dominant party with minor opposition

The correct answer is: Two major parties and a smaller party that can act as a kingmaker

A two and a half party system is characterized by two major parties that dominate the political landscape, along with a smaller party that holds enough influence to potentially sway the outcome of elections or legislative action, acting as a kingmaker. This definition aligns with the dynamics seen in systems like that of the UK, where the Conservative and Labour parties are the two main players, while a party such as the Liberal Democrats can be pivotal in certain circumstances, especially in coalition scenarios. This system showcases how the smaller party, while not as influential as the two dominant parties, still plays a crucial role in forming governments or shaping policies. This results in a political environment where the smaller party can influence decision-making processes, particularly in a hung parliament situation or when there's no clear majority winner from the two leading parties.