UK A-Levels Politics Practice Exam

Classical liberalism emphasizes which of the following?

1. Absolute government authority over individual freedoms

2. Increased state intervention in markets

3. Limited government and individual freedoms

4. Collective ownership of all private property

The correct answer is: Limited government and individual freedoms

Classical liberalism emphasizes limited government and individual freedoms, which is fundamental to its philosophy. This school of thought emerged primarily during the Enlightenment and advocates for a political system that prioritizes personal liberties and minimal state interference in both personal lives and economic activities. Proponents of classical liberalism argue that individuals should have the freedom to pursue their interests and aspirations without undue restraint from the government. This is grounded in the belief that a government’s role should be limited to protecting individual rights, such as life, liberty, and property, and that individuals are best placed to make choices regarding their own lives. The focus on limited government means that while the state may have necessary functions such as maintaining law and order, it should refrain from extensive control over individuals and the economy. This philosophy is often associated with the promotion of free markets, as classical liberals believe that free competition and voluntary exchanges lead to economic prosperity and innovation. In contrast, the other options represent ideologies that contradict the principles of classical liberalism. Absolute government authority undermines individual freedoms, increased state intervention runs counter to the advocacy of market freedom, and collective ownership suggests a departure from the emphasis on private property rights, which is a core aspect of classical liberal thought.