UK A-Levels Politics Practice Exam

Class conflict primarily arises from what kind of competition?

1. Ideological differences between political parties

2. Socioeconomic interests between different classes

3. Disagreements over government spending

4. Religious ideologies among citizens

The correct answer is: Socioeconomic interests between different classes

Class conflict primarily arises from competition related to socioeconomic interests between different classes. This concept is rooted in the understanding that various social classes have distinct interests that often clash due to differing access to resources, power, and opportunities. For example, the working class may advocate for higher wages and better working conditions, while the capitalist class may focus on profit maximization which may involve cutting costs, including labor costs. This dynamic leads to tension and conflict as each class seeks to protect and promote its own interests. Marxist theory particularly highlights this idea, emphasizing that the bourgeoisie (capitalist class) and the proletariat (working class) are in constant conflict over economic resources and the means of production. Therefore, socioeconomic disparities serve as a fundamental basis for class struggles, which can manifest in various forms, including strikes, protests, and political movements aimed at addressing inequality and demanding change. Ideological factors, disagreements over government spending, or religious beliefs may certainly influence and intersect with class issues, but they do not fundamentally drive the core conflict arising from the economic competition inherent in class structures. Thus, understanding the socioeconomic context provides the clearest lens through which to examine the roots of class conflict.